DmoVersioning.java

/*
** Module   : DmoVersioning.java
** Abstract : Manages the versions of database records to enable stale record detection
**
** Copyright (c) 2020-2025, Golden Code Development Corporation.
**
** -#- -I- --Date-- ---------------------------------------Description---------------------------------------
** 001 ECF 20200903 Created initial version.
** 002 CA  20250303 Added 'increment', used to invalidate cross-session cached records, when they are modified
**                  via SQL executed against the database.
*/

/*
** This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
** it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as
** published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
** License, or (at your option) any later version.
**
** This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
** but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
** MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
** GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
**
** You may find a copy of the GNU Affero GPL version 3 at the following
** location: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl-3.0.en.html
** 
** Additional terms under GNU Affero GPL version 3 section 7:
** 
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**   terms apply to the works covered under the License.  These additional terms
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*/

package com.goldencode.p2j.persist.orm;

import java.util.concurrent.*;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*;
import com.goldencode.p2j.persist.*;

/**
 * Provides version tracking services for data model objects (DMOs), to allow a user context to verify that
 * a record it has in its session cache represents the most recent version of that record in the database.
 * One instance of this class is created for each persistent database. Temp-table records are not versioned,
 * since they are local to a particular user context.
 * <p>
 * <strong>Note:</strong> This class keeps track of changes made within the FWD application server only.
 * No version information is stored within the database, as that would involve an intrusive schema change.
 * So, if a record is modified externally, this tracker will be unaware of the change.
 */
public class DmoVersioning
{
   /** DMO version value which indicates the DMO is not currently being tracked for versioning */
   static final int UNVERSIONED = -1;
   
   /** Index of current version in atomic integer array */
   static final int VERSION = 0;
   
   /** Index of reference count in atomic integer array */
   private static final int REFCOUNT = 1;
   
   /** Map of record identifier to current version information for tracked records */
   private ConcurrentMap<RecordIdentifier<String>, AtomicIntegerArray> versions = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
   
   /**
    * Default constructor.
    */
   public DmoVersioning()
   {
   }
   
   /**
    * Increment the version of the record with the specified identifier.
    * 
    * @param    ident
    *           Record identifier unique to the associated database.
    */
   public void increment(RecordIdentifier<String> ident)
   {
      AtomicIntegerArray v = versions.get(ident);
      if (v != null)
      {
         int version = UNVERSIONED;
         do
         {
            version = v.incrementAndGet(VERSION);
         } 
         while (version == UNVERSIONED);
      }
   }
   
   /**
    * Increment the version of all the records from the specified table.
    * 
    * @param    dmoImplName
    *           The DMO implementation name.
    */
   public void increment(String dmoImplName)
   {
      versions.forEach((recordIdent, v) -> 
      {
         if (recordIdent.getTable().equals(dmoImplName))
         {
            int version = UNVERSIONED;
            do
            {
               version = v.incrementAndGet(VERSION);
            } 
            while (version == UNVERSIONED);
         }
      });
   }
   
   /**
    * Begin tracking the record represented by the given identifier. If it already is being tracked, its
    * reference count is incremented.
    * <p>
    * Since the data structure uses reference counting to determine whether any user contexts are interested
    * in this record, it is essential that this method and {@link #deregister(RecordIdentifier)} are called
    * in matching pairs for any record. Otherwise the reference count could get out of balance, creating a
    * memory leak, or releasing an entry too soon.
    * 
    * @param   ident
    *          Record identifier unique to the associated database.
    * 
    * @return  The atomic integer array which can be used to get and update version and reference count
    *          information for the given key's corresponding record.
    */
   public AtomicIntegerArray register(RecordIdentifier<String> ident)
   {
      // mutable flag accessible to mapping function to ensure atomic integer array values are only
      // modified once, if mapping function is executed multiple times
      boolean[] modified = new boolean[] { false };
      
      AtomicIntegerArray info = versions.compute(ident, (k, v) ->
      {
         if (v == null)
         {
            v = new AtomicIntegerArray(2);
         }
         
         if (!modified[0])
         {
            // update flag to ensure atomic integer array is only modified once per track request
            modified[0] = true;
            
            // value of atomic integer at element 1 in the array is the reference count of sessions who
            // are interested in the version of this DMO
            v.incrementAndGet(REFCOUNT);
         }
         
         return v;
      });
      
      return info;
   }
   
   /**
    * Stop tracking the 
    * <p>
    * Since the data structure uses reference counting to determine whether any user contexts are interested
    * in this record, it is essential that this method and {@link #register(RecordIdentifier)} are called
    * in matching pairs for any record. Otherwise the reference count could get out of balance, creating a
    * memory leak, or releasing an entry too soon.
    * 
    * @param   ident
    *          Record identifier unique to the associated database.
    */
   public void deregister(RecordIdentifier<String> ident)
   {
      // mutable flag accessible to mapping function to ensure atomic integer array values are only
      // modified once, if mapping function is executed multiple times
      boolean[] modified = new boolean[] { false };
      
      versions.computeIfPresent(ident, (k, v) ->
      {
         if (!modified[0])
         {
            // update flag to ensure atomic integer array is only modified once per track request
            modified[0] = true;
            
            // value of atomic integer at element 1 in the array is the reference count of sessions who
            // are interested in the version of this DMO
            if (v.decrementAndGet(REFCOUNT) == 0)
            {
               // no one is interested in this record's version any longer; remove the entry
               v = null;
            }
         }
         
         return v;
      });
   }
}