SequenceHandler.java

/*
** Module   : SequenceHandler.java
** Abstract : Interface for all sequence handler implementations.
**
** Copyright (c) 2012-2025, Golden Code Development Corporation.
**
** -#- -I- --Date-- ----------------------------Description--------------------------------------
** 001 OM  20121128 Created initial version.
** 002 OM  20130801 Added synchronization for access to un-atomic db sequence functionality.
** 003 EVL 20160223 Javadoc fixes to make compatible with Oracle Java 8 for Solaris 10.
** 004 ECF 20160501 Replaced direct SQL use with a more efficient implementation.
** 005 GBB 20230512 Logging methods replaced by CentralLogger/ConversionStatus.
** 006 OM  20250110 Added sequence support for multi-tenant databases.
** 007 ICP 20250129 Used int64.of to leverage caches instances.
*/

/*
** This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
** it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as
** published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
** License, or (at your option) any later version.
**
** This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
** but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
** MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
** GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
**
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** location: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl-3.0.en.html
** 
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*/

package com.goldencode.p2j.persist.sequence;

import java.math.*;
import java.util.logging.*;
import com.goldencode.p2j.util.*;
import com.goldencode.p2j.util.logging.*;

/**
 * This class defines 3 sequence primitives for sequence <code>CURRENT-VALUE</code>,
 * <code>NEXT-VALUE</code> functions and <code>CURRENT-VALUE</code> statement and an utility
 * <code>contains</code> method. The access to these methods is synchronized so for a database
 * only one thread can execute a primitive on a sequence. The 
 * {@link com.goldencode.p2j.persist.SequenceManager SequenceManager} is
 * responsible for instantiating only one <code>SequenceHandler</code> per database.
 * <p>
 * Implementations of this class will use different strategies for handling 4GL sequences,
 * depending on the native support from the respective database system. They will override the 
 * four protected <code>safeXXX</code> methods. It is guaranteed that when they are executed, 
 * the database-level lock has been acquired. Because that, it is recommended that these methods
 * should be fast and should not acquire other locks to prevent possible dead-locks.
 */
public class SequenceHandler
{
   /** Logger (safe as a JVM-wide value rather than as context-local). */
   private static final CentralLogger LOG = CentralLogger.get(SequenceHandler.class);
   
   /** The database logical name on which this handler will work with. */
   private String database;
   
   /**
    * The only constructor takes the name of the database as argument.
    * 
    * @param   ldbName
    *          The database logical name on which this handler will work with. 
    */
   public SequenceHandler(String ldbName)
   {
      database = ldbName;
      /* start(); */
   }
   
   /**
    * Queries the current value of a sequence. The base class always returns unknown value.
    * <p>
    * This method will acquire the lock for modifying sequences on this database and then will 
    * call the protected overridable safe version form derived classes.
    * 
    * @param   seqName
    *          The name of the sequence.
    * @param   tenantId
    *          The tenant id. If present (not null) it is checked. If not it is computed as
    *          {@code tenant-id(ldbName}).
    *
    * @return  The (new) value of the sequence, as requested.
    */
   public final int64 getCurrentValue(String seqName, Long tenantId)
   {
      synchronized(this)
      {
         return safeGetCurrentValue(seqName, database, tenantId);
      }
   }

   /**
    * Computes and returns the next value of a sequence. The base class always returns unknown
    * value.
    * <p>
    * This method will acquire the lock for modifying sequences on this database and then will 
    * call the protected overridable safe version form derived classes.
    *
    * @param   seqName
    *          The name of the sequence.
    * @param   tenantId
    *          The tenant id. If present (not null) it is checked. If not it is computed as
    *          {@code tenant-id(ldbName}).
    *
    * @return  The (new) value of the sequence, as requested.
    */
   public final int64 getNextValue(String seqName, Long tenantId)
   {
      synchronized(this)
      {
         return safeGetNextValue(seqName, database, tenantId);
      }
   }

   /**
    * Initialize (reset) the current value of a sequence. The base class does nothing.
    * <p>
    * This method will acquire the lock for modifying sequences on this database and then will 
    * call the protected overridable safe version form derived classes.
    * 
    * @param   seqName
    *          The name of the sequence.
    * @param   newVal
    *          The value the sequence will be reset to.
    * @param   tenantId
    *          The tenant id. If present (not null) it is checked. If not it is computed as
    *          {@code tenant-id(ldbName}).
    */
   public final void setValue(String seqName, long newVal, Long tenantId)
   {
      synchronized(this)
      {
         safeSetValue(seqName, database, newVal, tenantId);
      }
   }

   /**
    * Test whether the database contains a sequence. This is useful to identify the correct 
    * database/sequences when a 4GL static function / statement is called without the database 
    * parameter.
    * <p>
    * This method will acquire the lock for modifying sequences on this database and then will 
    * call the protected overridable safe version form derived classes.
    *
    * @param   seqName
    *          The name of the sequence.
    *
    * @return  false
    */
   public final boolean contains(String seqName)
   {
      synchronized(this)
      {
         return safeContains(seqName, database);
      }
   }
   
   /**
    * Extract the int64 value from a query result set.
    * 
    * @param   result
    *          Single result of a sequence query. May be {@code null}.
    * 
    * @return  The value at position 0 wrapped as as int64.
    */
   protected static int64 getResultValue(Object result)
   {
      if (result == null)
      {
         return int64.UNKNOWN;
      }
      
      if (result instanceof Long)
      {
         // deprecated ?
         return int64.of((Long) result);
      }
      else if (result instanceof BigInteger)
      {
         return int64.of(((BigInteger) result).longValue());
      }
      else 
      {
         // don't know how to cast the result:
         LOG.logp(Level.WARNING, SequenceHandler.class.getName(), "getResultValue()", 
                  "Cannot handle " + result.getClass() + "result type.");
         
         return int64.UNKNOWN;
      }
   }
   
   
   /**
    * Queries the current value of a sequence. The base class always returns unknown value.
    * <p>
    * This method should be called only in a safe environment, where the database-level lock for
    * access to sequences has already been acquired.
    *  
    * @param   seqName
    *          The name of the sequence.
    * @param   ldbName
    *          The database to which the sequence belongs to. If is null then the first connected
    *          database is assumed.
    * @param   tenantId
    *          The tenant id. If present (not null) it is checked. If not it is computed as
    *          {@code tenant-id(ldbName}).
    *
    * @return  The current value of the sequence, as requested.
    */
   protected int64 safeGetCurrentValue(String seqName, String ldbName, Long tenantId)
   {
      return int64.UNKNOWN;
   }

   /**
    * Computes and returns the next value of a sequence. The base class always returns unknown
    * value.
    * <p>
    * This method should be called only in a safe environment, where the database-level lock for
    * access to sequences has already been acquired.
    *
    * @param   seqName
    *          The name of the sequence.
    * @param   ldbName
    *          The database to which the sequence belongs to. If is null then
    *          the first connected database is assumed.
    * @param   tenantId
    *          The tenant id. If present (not null) it is checked. If not it is computed as
    *          {@code tenant-id(ldbName}).
    *
    * @return  The new value of the sequence, as requested.
    */
   protected int64 safeGetNextValue(String seqName, String ldbName, Long tenantId)
   {
      return int64.UNKNOWN;
   }

   /**
    * Initialize (reset) the current value of a sequence. The base class does nothing.
    * <p>
    * This method should be called only in a safe environment, where the database-level lock for
    * access to sequences has already been acquired.
    * 
    * @param   seqName
    *          The name of the sequence.
    * @param   ldbName
    *          The database to which the sequence belongs to. If is null then
    *          the first connected database is assumed.
    * @param   newVal
    *          The value the sequence will be reset to.
    * @param   tenantId
    *          The tenant id. If present (not null) it is checked. If not it is computed as
    *          {@code tenant-id(ldbName}).
    */
   protected void safeSetValue(String seqName, String ldbName, long newVal, Long tenantId)
   {
   }

   /**
    * Test whether the database contains a sequence. This is useful to identify the correct 
    * database/sequences when a 4GL static function / statement is called without the database 
    * parameter.
    * The base class always returns false.
    * <p>
    * This method should be called only in a safe environment, where the database-level lock for
    * access to sequences has already been acquired.
    *
    * @param   seqName
    *          The name of the sequence.
    * @param   ldbName
    *          The database to which the sequence belongs to. If is null then the first connected
    *          database is assumed.
    *
    * @return  false
    */
   protected boolean safeContains(String seqName, String ldbName)
   {
      return false;
   }
}